Mindblown: a blog about philosophy.
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Physical test
Given are two possible physical tests to identify an acid or a base. a. Taste An acid tastes sour whereas a base tastes bitter.The method of taste is not advised as an acid or a base could be contaminated or corrosive. Example: The flavours of curd, lemon juice, orange juice, and vinegar are all sour. Because…
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Acid and Base
Ionisable and non-ionisable compounds An ionisable compound when dissolved in water or in its molten state, dissociates into ions almost entirely. Example: NaCl, HCl, KOH, etc.A non-ionisable compound does not dissociate into ions when dissolved in water or in its molten state. Example: glucose, acetone, etc. Acids and Bases An acid is any hydrogen-containing substance that is…
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Classification of matter
On the basis ofa) composition – elements, compounds and mixturesb) state – solids, liquids and gasesc) solubility – suspensions, colloids and solutions Types of mixtures – homogeneous and heterogeneousTypes of compounds – covalent and ionic
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Introduction
A salt is formed when hydrogen ions are replaced by a metal or an ammonium ion in an acid. A base is a material that reacts with an acid to produce just water and a salt. When an acid reacts with a base, it produces a salt. Bases are commonly found in household cleansers that are used to remove oil from windows and floors, as well as soaps, toothpaste, egg whites, dishwashing liquids, and household ammonia. Introduction to Acids, Bases and Salts A substance that tastes sour in water, turns blue litmus red, and neutralises bases is known as an acid. If a substance’s aqueous solution tastes bitter, turns red litmus blue, or neutralises acids, it’s called a base. Salt is a neutral material that has no effect on…
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Endothermic and exothermic reaction
Exothermic reaction – heat is evolved during a reaction. Most of the combination reactions are exothermic. Al + Fe2O3 → Al2O3 + Fe + heatCH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O + heat Effect of oxidation reaction in everyday life Endothermic – Heat is required to carry out the reaction. 6CO2 + 6H2O + Sunlight → C6H12O6 + 6O2 GlucoseMost of the decomposition reactions are…
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Redox reaction
A redox reaction occurs when the oxidation states of the substrate change. The loss of electrons or an increase in the oxidation state of a chemical or its atoms is referred to as oxidation. The gain of electrons or a decrease in the oxidation state of a chemical or its atoms is referred to as…
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Displacement reaction
More reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its compound or solution. Double displacement reaction or Precipitation reaction An exchange of ions between the reactants takes place to give new products.For example, An insoluble compound called precipitate forms when two solutions containing soluble salts are combined. One of the best examples of precipitation reactions is…
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Decomposition reaction
A single reactant decomposes on the application of heat or light or electricity to give two or more products.Types of decomposition reactions:a. Decomposition reactions which require heat – thermolytic decomposition or thermolysis. …
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Combination reaction
In a combination reaction, two elements or one element and one compound or two compounds combine to give one single product. When quicklime or calcium oxide (CaO) reacts with water, slaked lime [Ca(OH)2] is formed. During this reaction, a large amount of heat is released. So, this reaction is an exothermic Reaction. CaO + H2O →…
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Chemical Reactions and Eq. II
Types of chemical reactions Taking into consideration different factors, chemical reactions are grouped into multiple categories.Few examples are:● Combination● Decomposition● Single Displacement● Double displacement● Redox● Endothermic● Exothermic● Precipitation● Neutralisation
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